BP, Exxon accused over endangered whales

WWF International

BP and Exxon continue to ignore requests to join consultations with an international scientific panel to work to protect the world’s most endangered whales, threatened by oil and gas development around Sakhalin Island in Far East Russia.

The Western Gray Whale Advisory Panel (WGWAP), including 11 prominent international scientists, has been in consultation with Shell and Gazprom subsidiary Sakhalin Energy over developments that may impact upon gray whales. However, BP, Exxon and Rosneft, another Russian petroleum giant, did not respond to requests to participate.

The panel, convened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in February has called for a moratorium on oil and gas development after Sakhalin Energy representatives acknowledged that the numbers of gray whales observed in the Piltun feeding area off Sakhalin were notably less than in any previous year since monitoring began.

“The continuing refusal of BP, Exxon and Rosneft to even consider joining other parties on the gray whale advisory panel is hampering conservation efforts and the flow of information--with potentially disastrous consequences for the whales,” said Heather Sohl, WWF Species Officer.

“On the one hand, we have Shell and Gazprom at least looking at their plans to see if impacts on whales can be reduced and on the other hand we have BP, Exxon and Rosneft not even telling scientists what their plans are.”

Even before these latest observations raised alarm bells, a total of only about 130 western gray whales and just 25 breeding females were thought to remain, with the species listed as critically endangered both in Russia and on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species.

The listing in Russia imposes obligations for the special protection of such species and their habitats by minimizing activities that could lead to population decline or habitat destruction.

The WGWAP said in its report published in February that: “This scarcity (of gray whales) may have been related to underwater noise produced during onshore pile driving activities undertaken by Exxon Neftegas Limited (ENL) on the northern Piltun barrier split adjacent to the Odoptu block”.

The Panel had previously noted in a letter to Prime Minister Putin that they “have been hampered by the unwillingness of ENL to allow open consideration of gray whale data collected under its partnership arrangement with Sakhalin Energy.” A number of NGOs, including WWF-Russia, last month wrote to Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, requesting a moratorium on all oil and gas project construction and surveying activities in the area that may negatively impact the dwindling gray whale population until a committee has investigated the scale of the impacts on the whales.

Last year also saw the Elvary joint venture between Rosneft & BP conducting seismic surveys immediately to the north of the whale feeding area. The company chose to ignore recommendations from the panel, failing to conduct any real "noise monitoring" of their activities.

Yet another call for BP, Exxon and Rosneft to cooperate with the advisory panel is expected tomorrow, when the panel meets in Geneva to review the latest data on the whales.

A proposal to create a Sakhalin Marine Federal Wildlife Reserve for key gray whale habitat along the Piltun Spit is currently under review by Russian authorities, with WWF-Russia last year lodging the required environmental and economic justifications, and this year conducting public consultations.

The reserve would also protect Piltun Bay’s shallow waters critical not just to the nutrition of gray whales but also to sustaining rich fishing grounds. Adjacent coastal areas are important for migratory birds and are in the “shadow list” of the Ramsar international convention on wetlands.

However, oil and gas development and associated shipping and pipeline infrastructure is already threatening to fragment the proposed reserve. The environmental policies proposed by Sakhalin project development partners have been judged inadequate by the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Notes

The Panel’s letter to Putin, and other public statements on this
issue by IUCN, are available at: www.iucn.org/wgwap/public_statements/

At the last WGWAP meeting (December 2008) the Panel made inter alia the
following recommendations:

1) “the Panel urgently requests that government agencies and
officials in Russia, IUCN, Sakhalin Energy, other companies active in
all aspects of the oil and gas industry on the NE Sakhalin shelf,
lending institutions, the Group for Strategic Planning on Western Gray
Whales, non-governmental conservation organizations, and all other
interested parties make a commitment to cooperate and collaborate with
the Panel by providing the types of information and data as outlined
above.”

2) “The Panel further recommends that a moratorium be implemented on
industrial activities, carried out by Sakhalin Energy and all other
Sakhalin-based oil and gas companies, that might be expected, in the
absence of independently verified mitigation measures (such as those
developed by the Seismic Survey Task Force for seismic surveys), to
disturb gray whales in and near their main feeding areas during the
primary summer/autumn feeding season (July through October), This
moratorium should remain in place until: (i) a satisfactory management
plan is in place and (ii) the information flows required for its
successful operation are functioning.”

All WGWAP recommendations and meeting reports can be found at
www.iucn.org/wgwap/meetings/

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